diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildHandler.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildHandler.cxx
index e962cc7215..a66599352f 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildHandler.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildHandler.cxx
@@ -580,9 +580,6 @@ void cmCTestBuildHandler::GenerateXMLLogScraped(cmXMLWriter& xml)
   int numErrorsAllowed = this->MaxErrors;
   int numWarningsAllowed = this->MaxWarnings;
   std::string srcdir = this->CTest->GetCTestConfiguration("SourceDirectory");
-  // make sure the source dir is in the correct case on windows
-  // via a call to collapse full path.
-  srcdir = cmStrCat(cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(srcdir), '/');
   for (it = ew.begin();
        it != ew.end() && (numErrorsAllowed || numWarningsAllowed); it++) {
     cmCTestBuildErrorWarning* cm = &(*it);
@@ -613,8 +610,9 @@ void cmCTestBuildHandler::GenerateXMLLogScraped(cmXMLWriter& xml)
             }
           } else {
             // make sure it is a full path with the correct case
-            cm->SourceFile = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(cm->SourceFile);
-            cmSystemTools::ReplaceString(cm->SourceFile, srcdir.c_str(), "");
+            cm->SourceFile =
+              cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(cm->SourceFile);
+            cmSystemTools::ReplaceString(cm->SourceFile, srcdir, "");
           }
           cm->LineNumber = atoi(re->match(rit.LineIndex).c_str());
           break;
diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestGIT.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestGIT.cxx
index 99c5a2b2c7..3a5ec0442d 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestGIT.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestGIT.cxx
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ std::string cmCTestGIT::FindTopDir()
       !cdup.empty()) {
     top_dir += "/";
     top_dir += cdup;
-    top_dir = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(top_dir);
+    top_dir = cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(top_dir);
   }
   return top_dir;
 }
diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunScriptCommand.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunScriptCommand.cxx
index d11f96619a..38953eab05 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunScriptCommand.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunScriptCommand.cxx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "cmCTestScriptHandler.h"
 #include "cmExecutionStatus.h"
 #include "cmMakefile.h"
+#include "cmSystemTools.h"
 
 bool cmCTestRunScriptCommand::InitialPass(std::vector<std::string> const& args,
                                           cmExecutionStatus& status)
@@ -36,7 +37,8 @@ bool cmCTestRunScriptCommand::InitialPass(std::vector<std::string> const& args,
       ++i;
     } else {
       int ret;
-      cmCTestScriptHandler::RunScript(this->CTest, this->Makefile, args[i],
+      cmCTestScriptHandler::RunScript(this->CTest, this->Makefile,
+                                      cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(args[i]),
                                       !np, &ret);
       this->Makefile->AddDefinition(returnVariable, std::to_string(ret));
     }
diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
index f933b6a785..be298faf4c 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
@@ -74,9 +74,8 @@ int cmCTestScriptHandler::ProcessHandler()
   int res = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < this->ConfigurationScripts.size(); ++i) {
     // for each script run it
-    res |= this->RunConfigurationScript(
-      cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(this->ConfigurationScripts[i]),
-      this->ScriptProcessScope[i]);
+    res |= this->RunConfigurationScript(this->ConfigurationScripts[i],
+                                        this->ScriptProcessScope[i]);
   }
   if (res) {
     return -1;
diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestTestHandler.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestTestHandler.cxx
index eaa06e52ef..b213e97d35 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestTestHandler.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestTestHandler.cxx
@@ -1786,7 +1786,7 @@ std::string cmCTestTestHandler::FindExecutable(
   for (unsigned int ai = 0; ai < attempted.size() && fullPath.empty(); ++ai) {
     // first check without exe extension
     if (cmSystemTools::FileExists(attempted[ai], true)) {
-      fullPath = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(attempted[ai]);
+      fullPath = cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(attempted[ai]);
       resultingConfig = attemptedConfigs[ai];
     }
     // then try with the exe extension
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ std::string cmCTestTestHandler::FindExecutable(
       tempPath =
         cmStrCat(attempted[ai], cmSystemTools::GetExecutableExtension());
       if (cmSystemTools::FileExists(tempPath, true)) {
-        fullPath = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(tempPath);
+        fullPath = cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(tempPath);
         resultingConfig = attemptedConfigs[ai];
       } else {
         failed.push_back(tempPath);
diff --git a/Source/cmCTest.cxx b/Source/cmCTest.cxx
index f895aba135..c15075c0ea 100644
--- a/Source/cmCTest.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmCTest.cxx
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ int cmCTest::ProcessSteps()
   const std::string currDir = cmSystemTools::GetCurrentWorkingDirectory();
   std::string workDir = currDir;
   if (!this->Impl->TestDir.empty()) {
-    workDir = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(this->Impl->TestDir);
+    workDir = cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(this->Impl->TestDir);
   }
 
   cmWorkingDirectory changeDir(workDir);
@@ -2104,21 +2104,24 @@ int cmCTest::Run(std::vector<std::string> const& args)
     [&runScripts, &SRArgumentSpecified](std::string const& script) -> bool {
     // -SR is an internal argument, -SP should be ignored when it is passed
     if (!SRArgumentSpecified) {
-      runScripts.emplace_back(script, false);
+      runScripts.emplace_back(cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(script),
+                              false);
     }
     return true;
   };
   auto const dashSR =
     [&runScripts, &SRArgumentSpecified](std::string const& script) -> bool {
     SRArgumentSpecified = true;
-    runScripts.emplace_back(script, true);
+    runScripts.emplace_back(cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(script),
+                            true);
     return true;
   };
   auto const dash_S =
     [&runScripts, &SRArgumentSpecified](std::string const& script) -> bool {
     // -SR is an internal argument, -S should be ignored when it is passed
     if (!SRArgumentSpecified) {
-      runScripts.emplace_back(script, true);
+      runScripts.emplace_back(cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(script),
+                              true);
     }
     return true;
   };
@@ -2274,9 +2277,9 @@ int cmCTest::Run(std::vector<std::string> const& args)
           return false;
         }
         this->Impl->BuildAndTest.SourceDir =
-          cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(dirList[0]);
+          cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(dirList[0]);
         this->Impl->BuildAndTest.BinaryDir =
-          cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(dirList[1]);
+          cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(dirList[1]);
         cmSystemTools::MakeDirectory(this->Impl->BuildAndTest.BinaryDir);
         return true;
       } },
@@ -2847,7 +2850,7 @@ int cmCTest::ExecuteTests()
   const std::string currDir = cmSystemTools::GetCurrentWorkingDirectory();
   std::string workDir = currDir;
   if (!this->Impl->TestDir.empty()) {
-    workDir = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(this->Impl->TestDir);
+    workDir = cmSystemTools::ToNormalizedPathOnDisk(this->Impl->TestDir);
   }
 
   cmWorkingDirectory changeDir(workDir);
@@ -3039,10 +3042,9 @@ void cmCTest::PopulateCustomInteger(cmMakefile* mf, const std::string& def,
 
 std::string cmCTest::GetShortPathToFile(const std::string& cfname)
 {
-  const std::string& sourceDir = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(
-    this->GetCTestConfiguration("SourceDirectory"));
-  const std::string& buildDir = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(
-    this->GetCTestConfiguration("BuildDirectory"));
+  const std::string& sourceDir =
+    this->GetCTestConfiguration("SourceDirectory");
+  const std::string& buildDir = this->GetCTestConfiguration("BuildDirectory");
   std::string fname = cmSystemTools::CollapseFullPath(cfname);
 
   // Find relative paths to both directories