diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildAndTest.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildAndTest.cxx
index b1c3a0456e..dd4a7bcb8a 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildAndTest.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestBuildAndTest.cxx
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 #include <ratio>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <cm/filesystem>
-
 #include "cmBuildArgs.h"
 #include "cmBuildOptions.h"
 #include "cmCTest.h"
diff --git a/Source/cmBuildArgs.h b/Source/cmBuildArgs.h
index 5e2d370ddf..b483b9dd8e 100644
--- a/Source/cmBuildArgs.h
+++ b/Source/cmBuildArgs.h
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
    file LICENSE.rst or https://cmake.org/licensing for details.  */
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cm/filesystem>
-#include <cm/string>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "cmDuration.h"
 
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@ public:
   static constexpr int DEFAULT_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL = 0;
 
   std::string projectName;
-  cm::filesystem::path binaryDir;
+  std::string binaryDir;
   int jobs = NO_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL;
   bool verbose = false;
   std::string config;
diff --git a/Source/cmGlobalGenerator.cxx b/Source/cmGlobalGenerator.cxx
index 61998c1ac6..836947568d 100644
--- a/Source/cmGlobalGenerator.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmGlobalGenerator.cxx
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <cm/filesystem>
 #include <cm/memory>
 #include <cm/optional>
 #include <cmext/algorithm>
@@ -2225,8 +2224,8 @@ int cmGlobalGenerator::Build(cmBuildArgs const& buildArgs,
   /**
    * Run an executable command and put the stdout in output.
    */
-  cmWorkingDirectory workdir(buildArgs.binaryDir.string());
-  ostr << "Change Dir: '" << buildArgs.binaryDir.string() << '\'' << std::endl;
+  cmWorkingDirectory workdir(buildArgs.binaryDir);
+  ostr << "Change Dir: '" << buildArgs.binaryDir << '\'' << std::endl;
   if (workdir.Failed()) {
     cmSystemTools::SetRunCommandHideConsole(hideconsole);
     std::string const& err = workdir.GetError();
@@ -2246,9 +2245,9 @@ int cmGlobalGenerator::Build(cmBuildArgs const& buildArgs,
   std::string outputBuf;
 
   std::vector<GeneratedMakeCommand> makeCommand = this->GenerateBuildCommand(
-    makeCommandCSTR, buildArgs.projectName, buildArgs.binaryDir.string(),
-    targets, realConfig, buildArgs.jobs, buildArgs.verbose, buildOptions,
-    nativeOptions, isInTryCompile);
+    makeCommandCSTR, buildArgs.projectName, buildArgs.binaryDir, targets,
+    realConfig, buildArgs.jobs, buildArgs.verbose, buildOptions, nativeOptions,
+    isInTryCompile);
 
   // Workaround to convince some commands to produce output.
   if (outputMode == cmSystemTools::OUTPUT_PASSTHROUGH &&
@@ -2260,8 +2259,8 @@ int cmGlobalGenerator::Build(cmBuildArgs const& buildArgs,
   if (buildOptions.Clean) {
     std::vector<GeneratedMakeCommand> cleanCommand =
       this->GenerateBuildCommand(makeCommandCSTR, buildArgs.projectName,
-                                 buildArgs.binaryDir.string(), { "clean" },
-                                 realConfig, buildArgs.jobs, buildArgs.verbose,
+                                 buildArgs.binaryDir, { "clean" }, realConfig,
+                                 buildArgs.jobs, buildArgs.verbose,
                                  buildOptions);
     ostr << "\nRun Clean Command: " << cleanCommand.front().QuotedPrintable()
          << std::endl;
diff --git a/Source/cmake.cxx b/Source/cmake.cxx
index f635a2a1b2..95dce3a2ef 100644
--- a/Source/cmake.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmake.cxx
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <cm/filesystem>
 #include <cm/memory>
 #include <cm/optional>
 #include <cm/string_view>
@@ -3962,13 +3961,12 @@ int cmake::Build(cmBuildArgs buildArgs, std::vector<std::string> targets,
   }
 #endif
 
-  if (!cmSystemTools::FileIsDirectory(buildArgs.binaryDir.string())) {
-    std::cerr << "Error: " << buildArgs.binaryDir.string()
-              << " is not a directory\n";
+  if (!cmSystemTools::FileIsDirectory(buildArgs.binaryDir)) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: " << buildArgs.binaryDir << " is not a directory\n";
     return 1;
   }
 
-  std::string cachePath = FindCacheFile(buildArgs.binaryDir.string());
+  std::string cachePath = FindCacheFile(buildArgs.binaryDir);
   if (!this->LoadCache(cachePath)) {
     std::cerr
       << "Error: not a CMake build directory (missing CMakeCache.txt)\n";
@@ -4069,7 +4067,7 @@ int cmake::Build(cmBuildArgs buildArgs, std::vector<std::string> targets,
   }
 
 #if !defined(CMAKE_BOOTSTRAP)
-  cmInstrumentation instrumentation(buildArgs.binaryDir.string());
+  cmInstrumentation instrumentation(buildArgs.binaryDir);
   if (instrumentation.HasErrors()) {
     return 1;
   }
diff --git a/Source/cmakemain.cxx b/Source/cmakemain.cxx
index af223cf15e..fe5f35da7a 100644
--- a/Source/cmakemain.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmakemain.cxx
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <cm/filesystem>
 #include <cm/optional>
 #include <cmext/algorithm>
 
@@ -449,7 +448,7 @@ int extract_job_number(std::string const& command,
   return jobs;
 }
 std::function<bool(std::string const&)> extract_job_number_lambda_builder(
-  cm::filesystem::path& dir, int& jobs, std::string const& flag)
+  std::string& dir, int& jobs, std::string const& flag)
 {
   return [&dir, &jobs, flag](std::string const& value) -> bool {
     jobs = extract_job_number(flag, value);
@@ -805,7 +804,7 @@ int do_install(int ac, char const* const* av)
   std::string component;
   std::string defaultDirectoryPermissions;
   std::string prefix;
-  cm::filesystem::path dir;
+  std::string dir;
   int jobs = 0;
   bool strip = false;
   bool verbose = cmSystemTools::HasEnv("VERBOSE");
@@ -919,8 +918,8 @@ int do_install(int ac, char const* const* av)
 
   args.emplace_back("-P");
 
-  cmInstrumentation instrumentation(dir.string());
-  auto handler = cmInstallScriptHandler(dir.string(), component, config, args);
+  cmInstrumentation instrumentation(dir);
+  auto handler = cmInstallScriptHandler(dir, component, config, args);
   int ret = 0;
   if (!jobs && handler.IsParallel()) {
     jobs = 1;