/*****************************************************************************************
 *                                                                                       *
 * OpenSpace                                                                             *
 *                                                                                       *
 * Copyright (c) 2014-2025                                                               *
 *                                                                                       *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this  *
 * software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software *
 * without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,    *
 * merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to    *
 * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following   *
 * conditions:                                                                           *
 *                                                                                       *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies *
 * or substantial portions of the Software.                                              *
 *                                                                                       *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,   *
 * INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A         *
 * PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT    *
 * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  *
 * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  *
 * OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.                                         *
 ****************************************************************************************/

#ifndef __OPENSPACE_CORE___TIME___H__
#define __OPENSPACE_CORE___TIME___H__

#include <string>

namespace openspace {

namespace scripting { struct LuaLibrary; }

/**
 * This singleton class represents the current simulation time in OpenSpace. It internally
 * stores the time and provides methods to set the time directly (setTime(double),
 * setTime(std::string)) using a `double` value using the number of seconds passed since
 * the J2000 epoch or a `string` that denotes a valid date string in accordance to the
 * SPICE library (http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/C/cspice/str2et_c.html).
 * The time can be retrieved as the number of seconds since the J2000 epoch with
 * #j2000Seconds or as a UTC string following ISO 8601 with the method #UTC.
 *
 * The value of the parameter is dependent on the usage of the class and must be equal to
 * the real-world time that has passed since the last call to the method. For example, if
 * the #advanceTime(double) method is called each frame, the `tickTime` has to be equal to
 * the frame time.
 */
class Time {
public:
    /**
     * Converts the \p timeString representing a date to a double precision value
     * representing the ephemeris time; that is the number of TDB seconds past the J2000
     * epoch.
     *
     * \param time A string representing the time to be converted
     * \return The converted time; the number of TDB seconds past the J2000 epoch,
     *         representing the passed \p timeString
     *
     * \pre \p timeString must not be empty
     */
    static double convertTime(const std::string& time);

    /// \overload static double convertTime(const std::string& time)
    static double convertTime(const char* time);

    /**
     * Returns the current wall time as an ISO 8601 date string (YYYY-MM-DDTHH-MN-SS) in
     * the UTC timezone.
     */
    static std::string currentWallTime();

    explicit Time(double secondsJ2000 = -1);
    explicit Time(const std::string& time);
    Time(const Time& other) = default;

    Time& operator=(const Time& other) = default;

    /**
     * Initializes the Time singleton.
     *
     * \pre The Time singleton must not have been initialized
     */
    static void initialize();

    /**
     * Deinitializes the Time singleton. This method will not unload the kernel that was
     * possibly loaded during the initialize method.
     *
     * \pre The Time singleton must have been initialized
     */
    static void deinitialize();

    static Time now();

    /**
     * Sets the current time to the specified value in seconds past the J2000 epoch. This
     * value can be negative to represent dates before the epoch.
     *
     * \param j2000Seconds The number of seconds after the J2000 epoch
     */
    void setTime(double j2000Seconds);

    /**
     * Sets the current time to the specified value given as a SPICE compliant string as
     * described in the SPICE documentation.
     *
     * \param time The time to be set as a date string
     *
     * \sa http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/C/cspice/str2et_c.html
     */
    void setTime(const std::string& time);

    /**
     * Sets the current time to the specified value given as a SPICE compliant string as
     * described in the SPICE documentation.
     *
     * \param time The time to be set as a date string
     *
     * \sa http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/C/cspice/str2et_c.html
     */
    void setTime(const char* time);

    /**
     * Returns the current time as the number of seconds past the J2000 epoch. If the
     * current time is a date before that epoch, the returned value will be negative.
     *
     * \return The current time as the number of seconds past the J2000 epoch
     */
    double j2000Seconds() const;

    /**
     * Returns the current time as a formatted date string compliant with ISO 8601 and
     * thus also compliant with the SPICE library.
     *
     * \return The current time as a formatted date string
     */
    std::string_view UTC() const;

    /**
     * Returns the current time as a ISO 8601 formatted, i.e YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ.
     *
     * \return The current time as a ISO 8601 formatted string
     */
    std::string_view ISO8601() const;

    /**
     * Creates the current time as a ISO 8601 formatted, i.e YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ into the
     * provided Buffer. The buffer needs to have space for 25 characters.
     */
    void ISO8601(char* buffer) const;

    /**
     * Advances the simulation time using the \p deltaTime. The \p deltaTime is the number
     * of seconds that the time should be advanced by. If this method is called in the
     * render loop, the \p deltaTime should be equivalent to the frame time.
     *
     * \param deltaTime The number of seconds that this time should be advanced by
     * \return The new time value after advancing the time
     */
    double advanceTime(double deltaTime);

    /**
     * Modifies the passed time (first argument) by the delta time (second argument). The
     * first argument must be an ISO 8601 date string. The second argument should be a
     * string of the form [-]XX(s,m,h,d,M,y] with (s)econds, (m)inutes, (h)ours, (d)ays,
     * (M)onths, and (y)ears as units and an optional - sign to move backwards in time.
     * The return value is in the form of an ISO 8601 date string.
     */
    static std::string advancedTime(const std::string& base, std::string change);

    /**
     * Returns the Lua library that contains all Lua functions available to change the
     * current time, retrieve the current time etc.
     *
     * \return The Lua library that contains all Lua functions available to change the
     *         time
     */
    static scripting::LuaLibrary luaLibrary();

private:
    double _time;
};

} // namespace openspace

#endif // __OPENSPACE_CORE___TIME___H__