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formbricks/docs/self-hosting/configuration/environment-variables.mdx
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Matti Nannt bf4303cdb5 feat: make Cube a mandatory baseline dependency in v5 (#8042) 
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Dhruwang <dhruwangjariwala18@gmail.com>
2026-05-18 13:38:35 +00:00

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---
title: "Environment Variables"
description: "Environment variables for Formbricks"
icon: "code"
---
#### Custom Configurations
These variables are present inside your machine's docker-compose file. Restart the docker containers if you change any variables for them to take effect.
<Note>
Upgrading from Formbricks 4.x to 5.0? Read the [migration guide](/self-hosting/advanced/migration#v5) first.
Formbricks v5 makes Hub part of the standard self-hosted runtime and changes how rate limiting is enforced.
</Note>
For `AI_PROVIDER=google`, use a Gemini model ID such as `gemini-2.5-flash` together with Google Cloud credentials. Formbricks uses Google Cloud naming here, even though the underlying SDK still talks to Vertex AI endpoints for Gemini model access.
<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
| Variable | Description | Required | Default |
| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| WEBAPP_URL | Base URL of the site. | required | http://localhost:3000 |
| PUBLIC_URL | Base URL for the public domain where surveys and public-facing content are served. If not set, uses WEBAPP_URL. | optional | WEBAPP_URL |
| NEXTAUTH_URL | Location of the auth server. This should normally be the same as WEBAPP_URL | required | http://localhost:3000 |
| DATABASE_URL | Database URL with credentials. | required | |
| NEXTAUTH_SECRET | Secret for NextAuth, used for session signing and encryption. | required | (Generated by the user, must not exceed 32 bytes, `openssl rand -hex 32`) |
| ENCRYPTION_KEY | Secret used by Formbricks for data encryption and audit log hashing. | required | (Generated by the user, must not exceed 32 bytes, `openssl rand -hex 32`) |
| CRON_SECRET | API Secret for running cron jobs. | required | (Generated by the user, must not exceed 32 bytes, `openssl rand -hex 32`) |
| LOG_LEVEL | Minimum log level (debug, info, warn, error, fatal) | optional | info |
| S3_ACCESS_KEY | Access key for S3. | optional | (resolved by the AWS SDK) |
| S3_SECRET_KEY | Secret key for S3. | optional | (resolved by the AWS SDK) |
| S3_REGION | Region for S3. | optional | (resolved by the AWS SDK) |
| S3_BUCKET_NAME | S3 bucket name for data storage. Formbricks enables S3 storage when this is set. | optional (required if S3 is enabled) | |
| S3_ENDPOINT_URL | Endpoint for S3. | optional | (resolved by the AWS SDK) |
| S3_FORCE_PATH_STYLE | Set to `1` to force path-style S3 URLs. Required for S3-compatible storage (MinIO, RustFS, LocalStack). Leave unset or `0` for standard AWS S3. | optional | 0 |
| SAML_DATABASE_URL | Database URL for SAML. | optional | postgres://postgres:@localhost:5432/formbricks-saml |
| PRIVACY_URL | URL for privacy policy. | optional | |
| TERMS_URL | URL for terms of service. | optional | |
| IMPRINT_URL | URL for imprint. | optional | |
| IMPRINT_ADDRESS | Address for imprint. | optional | |
| EMAIL_AUTH_DISABLED | Disables the ability for users to signup or login via email and password if set to 1. | optional | |
| PASSWORD_RESET_DISABLED | Disables password reset functionality if set to 1. | optional | |
| PASSWORD_RESET_TOKEN_LIFETIME_MINUTES | Configures how long password reset links remain valid in minutes. Accepted values are integers from 5 to 120. | optional | 30 |
| EMAIL_VERIFICATION_DISABLED | Disables email verification if set to 1. | optional | |
| DISABLE_ACCOUNT_DELETION_SSO_CONFIRMATION | Skips the SSO identity confirmation redirect for passwordless SSO account deletion if set to 1. Users can delete SSO accounts with only the in-app email text confirmation. Keep unset unless you accept this security trade-off. | optional | |
| RATE_LIMITING_DISABLED | Disables only the application-level rate limiter if set to 1. It does not disable Envoy or an equivalent edge rate limiter. | optional | |
| TELEMETRY_DISABLED | Disables telemetry reporting if set to 1. Ignored when an Enterprise License is active. | optional | |
| DANGEROUSLY_ALLOW_WEBHOOK_INTERNAL_URLS | Allows webhook URLs to point to internal/private network addresses (e.g. localhost, 192.168.x.x) if set to 1. Useful for self-hosted instances that need to send webhooks to internal services. | optional | |
| INVITE_DISABLED | Disables the ability for invited users to create an account if set to 1. | optional | |
| MAIL_FROM | Email address to send emails from. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| MAIL_FROM_NAME | Email name/title to send emails from. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_HOST | Host URL of your SMTP server. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_PORT | Host Port of your SMTP server. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_USER | Username for your SMTP Server. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_PASSWORD | Password for your SMTP Server. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_AUTHENTICATED | If set to 0, the server will not require SMTP_USER and SMTP_PASSWORD(default is 1) | optional | |
| SMTP_SECURE_ENABLED | SMTP secure connection. For using TLS, set to 1 else to 0. | optional (required if email services are to be enabled) | |
| SMTP_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED_TLS | If set to 0, the server will accept connections without requiring authorization from the list of supplied CAs. | optional | 1 |
| TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY | Site key for Turnstile. | optional | |
| TURNSTILE_SECRET_KEY | Secret key for Turnstile. | optional | |
| RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY | Site key for survey responses recaptcha bot protection | optional | |
| RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY | Secret key for recaptcha bot protection. | optional | |
| GITHUB_ID | Client ID for GitHub. | optional (required if GitHub auth is enabled) | |
| GITHUB_SECRET | Secret for GitHub. | optional (required if GitHub auth is enabled) | |
| GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID | Client ID for Google. | optional (required if Google auth is enabled) | |
| GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET | Secret for Google. | optional (required if Google auth is enabled) | |
| AI_PROVIDER | Instance-level AI provider used in the background. Supported values: `aws`, `google`, `azure`. | optional (required if AI is enabled) | |
| AI_MODEL | Instance-level AI model or deployment name used by the active provider. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER` is set) | |
| AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT | Google Cloud project ID for the `google` AI provider. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=google`) | |
| AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_LOCATION | Google Cloud location for `google` AI requests. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=google`) | |
| AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS_JSON | Service account credentials JSON for the `google` AI provider. | optional (one of this or `AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` required if `AI_PROVIDER=google`) | |
| AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS | Path to Google Application Default Credentials used by the `google` AI provider. | optional (one of this or `AI_GOOGLE_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS_JSON` required if `AI_PROVIDER=google`) | |
| AI_AWS_REGION | AWS region for Amazon Bedrock. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=aws`) | |
| AI_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID | AWS access key ID for Amazon Bedrock. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=aws`) | |
| AI_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY | AWS secret access key for Amazon Bedrock. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=aws`) | |
| AI_AWS_SESSION_TOKEN | AWS session token for Amazon Bedrock temporary credentials. | optional | |
| AI_AZURE_BASE_URL | Azure OpenAI / Foundry base URL. When set, this is preferred over `AI_AZURE_RESOURCE_NAME`. | optional (one of this or `AI_AZURE_RESOURCE_NAME` required if `AI_PROVIDER=azure`) | |
| AI_AZURE_RESOURCE_NAME | Azure resource name used to assemble the Azure OpenAI URL. | optional (one of this or `AI_AZURE_BASE_URL` required if `AI_PROVIDER=azure`) | |
| AI_AZURE_API_KEY | API key for Azure OpenAI / Foundry. | optional (required if `AI_PROVIDER=azure`) | |
| AI_AZURE_API_VERSION | Azure API version for OpenAI-compatible calls. | optional | v1 |
| STRIPE_SECRET_KEY | Secret key for Stripe integration. | optional | |
| STRIPE_WEBHOOK_SECRET | Webhook secret for Stripe integration. | optional | |
| DEFAULT_BRAND_COLOR | Default brand color for your app (Can be overwritten from the UI as well). | optional | #64748b |
| DEFAULT_ORGANIZATION_ID | Automatically assign new users to a specific organization when joining | optional | |
| OIDC_DISPLAY_NAME | Display name for Custom OpenID Connect Provider | optional | |
| OIDC_CLIENT_ID | Client ID for Custom OpenID Connect Provider | optional (required if OIDC auth is enabled) | |
| OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET | Secret for Custom OpenID Connect Provider | optional (required if OIDC auth is enabled) | |
| OIDC_ISSUER | Issuer URL for Custom OpenID Connect Provider (should have .well-known configured at this) | optional (required if OIDC auth is enabled) | |
| OIDC_SIGNING_ALGORITHM | Signing Algorithm for Custom OpenID Connect Provider | optional | RS256 |
| OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT | Base OTLP HTTP endpoint for traces and metrics export (e.g. http://collector:4318). | optional | |
| OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_PROTOCOL | OTLP protocol to use for export. | optional | http/protobuf |
| OTEL_SERVICE_NAME | Service name reported in OpenTelemetry resource attributes. | optional | formbricks |
| OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES | Comma-separated resource attributes in OTel format (`key=value,key2=value2`). | optional | |
| OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER | Trace sampler strategy (`always_on`, `always_off`, `traceidratio`, `parentbased_traceidratio`). | optional | always_on |
| OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG | Sampling argument used by ratio-based samplers (`0` to `1`). | optional | |
| PROMETHEUS_ENABLED | Enables Prometheus metrics if set to 1. | optional | |
| PROMETHEUS_EXPORTER_PORT | Port for Prometheus metrics. | optional | 9090 |
| AUTH_SSO_DEFAULT_TEAM_ID | ID of the team that new SSO users are automatically added to. The owning organization is derived from this team. Must be set together with `AUTH_SKIP_INVITE_FOR_SSO=1` for auto-provisioning to work. | optional | |
| AUTH_SKIP_INVITE_FOR_SSO | Set to `1` to allow SSO users to create an account without a manual invite. Keep unset (or `0`) for stricter access control where only invited users can join. | optional | 0 |
| HTTP_PROXY | HTTP proxy URL used for outbound requests (e.g., license checks). When both are set, `HTTPS_PROXY` takes precedence. | optional | |
| HTTPS_PROXY | HTTPS proxy URL used for outbound requests. Takes precedence over `HTTP_PROXY`. | optional | |
| SENTRY_DSN | Set this to track errors and monitor performance in Sentry. | optional | |
| SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT | Set this to identify the environment in Sentry | optional | |
| SENTRY_AUTH_TOKEN | Set this if you want to make errors more readable in Sentry. | optional | |
| SESSION_MAX_AGE | Configure the maximum age for the session in seconds. | optional | 86400 (24 hours) |
| USER_MANAGEMENT_MINIMUM_ROLE | Set this to control which roles can access user management features. Accepted values: "owner", "manager", "disabled" | optional | manager |
| REDIS_URL | Redis URL for caching, rate limiting, and audit logging. Application will not start without this. | required | redis://localhost:6379 |
| AUDIT_LOG_ENABLED | Set this to 1 to enable audit logging. Requires Redis to be configured with the REDIS_URL env variable. | optional | 0 |
| AUDIT_LOG_GET_USER_IP | Set to 1 to include user IP addresses in audit logs from request headers | optional | 0 |
#### Formbricks Hub
Starting with Formbricks v5, Hub is part of the standard self-hosted runtime. When you run Formbricks with the
bundled Docker Compose or Helm assets, the following variables apply:
| Variable | Description | Required | Default |
| ---------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| HUB_API_KEY | API key used by the Formbricks Hub API. Generate a strong secret and use the same value wherever your deployment supplies Hub auth configuration. | required | (e.g. `openssl rand -hex 32`) |
| HUB_API_URL | Base URL the Formbricks app uses to call Hub. With the bundled Docker stack, keep this at `http://hub:8080` unless Hub runs elsewhere. | required | `http://hub:8080` (bundled Docker), `http://localhost:8080` (local dev) |
| HUB_DATABASE_URL | PostgreSQL connection URL for Hub. Omit to use the same database as Formbricks. | optional | Same as Formbricks `DATABASE_URL` (shared database) |
#### Cube Analytics
Cube is part of the baseline Formbricks v5 stack and is required. Formbricks generates the backend
Cube JWT from `CUBEJS_API_SECRET`, so `CUBEJS_API_TOKEN` is not part of the supported setup contract.
| Variable | Description | Required | Default |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------- | ------------------------------------ |
| CUBEJS_API_URL | Base URL the Formbricks app uses to call Cube. Local dev (app on host): `http://localhost:4000`. Docker/container: `http://cube:4000` (service name). | required | |
| CUBEJS_API_SECRET | Shared secret Formbricks uses to sign Cube API JWTs. Generate with `openssl rand -hex 32`. | required | |
| CUBEJS_JWT_ISSUER | JWT issuer expected by Cube and used by Formbricks when signing per-request Cube tokens. | optional | `formbricks-web` |
| CUBEJS_JWT_AUDIENCE | JWT audience expected by Cube and used by Formbricks when signing per-request Cube tokens. | optional | `formbricks-cube` |
| CUBEJS_DB_HOST | Database host for the Cube service. Only needed when you run Cube yourself and override defaults. | optional | Depends on your Cube deployment |
| CUBEJS_DB_PORT | Database port for the Cube service. Only needed when you run Cube yourself and override defaults. | optional | Depends on your Cube deployment |
| CUBEJS_DB_NAME | Database name for the Cube service. Only needed when you run Cube yourself and override defaults. | optional | Depends on your Cube deployment |
| CUBEJS_DB_USER | Database user for the Cube service. Only needed when you run Cube yourself and override defaults. | optional | Depends on your Cube deployment |
| CUBEJS_DB_PASS | Database password for the Cube service. Only needed when you run Cube yourself and override defaults. | optional | Depends on your Cube deployment |
The bundled Docker Compose Cube service sets `CUBEJS_DEFAULT_API_SCOPES=meta,data` directly on the Cube
container. If you run Cube outside the bundled Compose stack, configure the equivalent Cube service environment
there rather than adding it to the Formbricks app environment.
For Helm deployments, the chart deploys Cube by default (`cube.enabled: true`). To use an external Cube
cluster instead, set `cube.enabled: false`, point `CUBEJS_API_URL` at your endpoint, and supply
`CUBEJS_API_SECRET` through your existing secret management setup.
<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
Note: If you want to configure something that is not possible via above, please open an issue on our GitHub repo here or reach out to us on Github Discussions and we'll try our best to work out a solution with you.
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