diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 8f91d702..9327173f 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ before_install:
         fi
     - git --version
     - './get-swift.sh && export PATH="/tmp/swift/usr/bin:$PATH"'
+    - 'curl -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | bash -s -- -y'
+    - export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
 after_success: coveralls
 cache:
     directories:
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
index ddb9af3c..772caf4d 100644
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ install:
     - pip install tox virtualenv --upgrade
     - "mkdir -p C:\\Temp"
     - "SET TMPDIR=C:\\Temp"
+    - "curl -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | bash -s -- -y"
+    - "SET PATH=%USERPROFILE%\\.cargo\\bin;%PATH%"
 
 # Not a C# project
 build: false
diff --git a/pre_commit/languages/all.py b/pre_commit/languages/all.py
index 504c28a0..be74ffd3 100644
--- a/pre_commit/languages/all.py
+++ b/pre_commit/languages/all.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from pre_commit.languages import pygrep
 from pre_commit.languages import python
 from pre_commit.languages import python_venv
 from pre_commit.languages import ruby
+from pre_commit.languages import rust
 from pre_commit.languages import script
 from pre_commit.languages import swift
 from pre_commit.languages import system
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ languages = {
     'python': python,
     'python_venv': python_venv,
     'ruby': ruby,
+    'rust': rust,
     'script': script,
     'swift': swift,
     'system': system,
diff --git a/pre_commit/languages/rust.py b/pre_commit/languages/rust.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..41053f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pre_commit/languages/rust.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import contextlib
+import os.path
+
+import toml
+
+from pre_commit.envcontext import envcontext
+from pre_commit.envcontext import Var
+from pre_commit.languages import helpers
+from pre_commit.util import clean_path_on_failure
+from pre_commit.util import cmd_output
+from pre_commit.xargs import xargs
+
+
+ENVIRONMENT_DIR = 'rustenv'
+get_default_version = helpers.basic_get_default_version
+healthy = helpers.basic_healthy
+
+
+def get_env_patch(target_dir):
+    return (
+        (
+            'PATH',
+            (os.path.join(target_dir, 'bin'), os.pathsep, Var('PATH')),
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def in_env(prefix):
+    target_dir = prefix.path(
+        helpers.environment_dir(ENVIRONMENT_DIR, 'default'),
+    )
+    with envcontext(get_env_patch(target_dir)):
+        yield
+
+
+def _add_dependencies(cargo_toml_path, additional_dependencies):
+    with open(cargo_toml_path, 'r+') as f:
+        cargo_toml = toml.load(f)
+        cargo_toml.setdefault('dependencies', {})
+        for dep in additional_dependencies:
+            name, _, spec = dep.partition(':')
+            cargo_toml['dependencies'][name] = spec or '*'
+        f.seek(0)
+        toml.dump(cargo_toml, f)
+        f.truncate()
+
+
+def install_environment(prefix, version, additional_dependencies):
+    helpers.assert_version_default('rust', version)
+    directory = prefix.path(
+        helpers.environment_dir(ENVIRONMENT_DIR, 'default'),
+    )
+
+    # There are two cases where we might want to specify more dependencies:
+    # as dependencies for the library being built, and as binary packages
+    # to be `cargo install`'d.
+    #
+    # Unlike e.g. Python, if we just `cargo install` a library, it won't be
+    # used for compilation. And if we add a crate providing a binary to the
+    # `Cargo.toml`, the binary won't be built.
+    #
+    # Because of this, we allow specifying "cli" dependencies by prefixing
+    # with 'cli:'.
+    cli_deps = {
+        dep for dep in additional_dependencies if dep.startswith('cli:')
+    }
+    lib_deps = set(additional_dependencies) - cli_deps
+
+    if len(lib_deps) > 0:
+        _add_dependencies(prefix.path('Cargo.toml'), lib_deps)
+
+    with clean_path_on_failure(directory):
+        packages_to_install = {()}
+        for cli_dep in cli_deps:
+            cli_dep = cli_dep[len('cli:'):]
+            package, _, version = cli_dep.partition(':')
+            if version != '':
+                packages_to_install.add((package, '--version', version))
+            else:
+                packages_to_install.add((package,))
+
+        for package in packages_to_install:
+            cmd_output(
+                'cargo', 'install', '--bins', '--root', directory, *package,
+                cwd=prefix.prefix_dir
+            )
+
+
+def run_hook(prefix, hook, file_args):
+    with in_env(prefix):
+        return xargs(helpers.to_cmd(hook), file_args)
diff --git a/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/Cargo.toml b/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3dfeffaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "__fake_crate"
+version = "0.0.0"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "__fake_cmd"
+path = "main.rs"
diff --git a/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/main.rs b/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f328e4d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pre_commit/resources/empty_template/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index c4504774..831dc000 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ setup(
         'nodeenv>=0.11.1',
         'pyyaml',
         'six',
+        'toml',
         'virtualenv',
     ],
     entry_points={
diff --git a/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/.pre-commit-hooks.yaml b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/.pre-commit-hooks.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df1269ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/.pre-commit-hooks.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+-   id: rust-hook
+    name: rust example hook
+    entry: rust-hello-world
+    language: rust
+    files: ''
diff --git a/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.lock b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..36fbfda2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[[package]]
+name = "rust-hello-world"
+version = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.toml b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd83b435
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[package]
+name = "rust-hello-world"
+version = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/src/main.rs b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ad379d6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testing/resources/rust_hooks_repo/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+fn main() {
+    println!("hello world");
+}
diff --git a/tests/repository_test.py b/tests/repository_test.py
index 67b8f3f6..2ca399ce 100644
--- a/tests/repository_test.py
+++ b/tests/repository_test.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from pre_commit.languages import node
 from pre_commit.languages import pcre
 from pre_commit.languages import python
 from pre_commit.languages import ruby
+from pre_commit.languages import rust
 from pre_commit.repository import Repository
 from pre_commit.util import cmd_output
 from testing.fixtures import config_with_local_hooks
@@ -282,6 +283,55 @@ def test_golang_hook(tempdir_factory, store):
     )
 
 
+@pytest.mark.integration
+def test_rust_hook(tempdir_factory, store):
+    _test_hook_repo(
+        tempdir_factory, store, 'rust_hooks_repo',
+        'rust-hook', [], b'hello world\n',
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('dep', ('cli:shellharden:3.1.0', 'cli:shellharden'))
+def test_additional_rust_cli_dependencies_installed(
+        tempdir_factory, store, dep,
+):
+    path = make_repo(tempdir_factory, 'rust_hooks_repo')
+    config = make_config_from_repo(path)
+    # A small rust package with no dependencies.
+    config['hooks'][0]['additional_dependencies'] = [dep]
+    repo = Repository.create(config, store)
+    repo.require_installed()
+    (prefix, _, _, _), = repo._venvs()
+    binaries = os.listdir(prefix.path(
+        helpers.environment_dir(rust.ENVIRONMENT_DIR, 'default'), 'bin',
+    ))
+    # normalize for windows
+    binaries = [os.path.splitext(binary)[0] for binary in binaries]
+    assert 'shellharden' in binaries
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+def test_additional_rust_lib_dependencies_installed(
+        tempdir_factory, store,
+):
+    path = make_repo(tempdir_factory, 'rust_hooks_repo')
+    config = make_config_from_repo(path)
+    # A small rust package with no dependencies.
+    deps = ['shellharden:3.1.0']
+    config['hooks'][0]['additional_dependencies'] = deps
+    repo = Repository.create(config, store)
+    repo.require_installed()
+    (prefix, _, _, _), = repo._venvs()
+    binaries = os.listdir(prefix.path(
+        helpers.environment_dir(rust.ENVIRONMENT_DIR, 'default'), 'bin',
+    ))
+    # normalize for windows
+    binaries = [os.path.splitext(binary)[0] for binary in binaries]
+    assert 'rust-hello-world' in binaries
+    assert 'shellharden' not in binaries
+
+
 @pytest.mark.integration
 def test_missing_executable(tempdir_factory, store):
     _test_hook_repo(
@@ -554,6 +604,24 @@ def test_local_golang_additional_dependencies(store):
     assert _norm_out(ret[1]) == b"Hello, Go examples!\n"
 
 
+def test_local_rust_additional_dependencies(store):
+    config = {
+        'repo': 'local',
+        'hooks': [{
+            'id': 'hello',
+            'name': 'hello',
+            'entry': 'hello',
+            'language': 'rust',
+            'additional_dependencies': ['cli:hello-cli:0.2.2'],
+        }],
+    }
+    repo = Repository.create(config, store)
+    (_, hook), = repo.hooks
+    ret = repo.run_hook(hook, ())
+    assert ret[0] == 0
+    assert _norm_out(ret[1]) == b"Hello World!\n"
+
+
 def test_reinstall(tempdir_factory, store, log_info_mock):
     path = make_repo(tempdir_factory, 'python_hooks_repo')
     config = make_config_from_repo(path)