📝 Add source examples for Python 3.9 and 3.10 (#715)

* 📝 Add source examples for Python 3.9 and 3.10

* ✅ Add tests for new source examples for Python 3.9 and 3.10, still needs pytest markers

* ✅ Add tests for fastapi examples

* ✅ Update tests for FastAPI app testing, for Python 3.9 and 3.10, fixing multi-app testing conflicts

* ✅ Require Python 3.9 and 3.10 for tests

* ✅ Update tests with missing markers

tests/test_tutorial/test_automatic_id_none_refresh/test_tutorial001_py310_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from tests.conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+def check_calls(calls: List[List[Union[str, Dict[str, Any]]]]):
+    assert calls[0] == ["Before interacting with the database"]
+    assert calls[1] == [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[2] == [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[3] == [
+        "Hero 3:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[4] == ["After adding to the session"]
+    assert calls[5] == [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[6] == [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[7] == [
+        "Hero 3:",
+        {
+            "id": None,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[8] == ["After committing the session"]
+    assert calls[9] == ["Hero 1:", {}]
+    assert calls[10] == ["Hero 2:", {}]
+    assert calls[11] == ["Hero 3:", {}]
+    assert calls[12] == ["After committing the session, show IDs"]
+    assert calls[13] == ["Hero 1 ID:", 1]
+    assert calls[14] == ["Hero 2 ID:", 2]
+    assert calls[15] == ["Hero 3 ID:", 3]
+    assert calls[16] == ["After committing the session, show names"]
+    assert calls[17] == ["Hero 1 name:", "Deadpond"]
+    assert calls[18] == ["Hero 2 name:", "Spider-Boy"]
+    assert calls[19] == ["Hero 3 name:", "Rusty-Man"]
+    assert calls[20] == ["After refreshing the heroes"]
+    assert calls[21] == [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[22] == [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[23] == [
+        "Hero 3:",
+        {
+            "id": 3,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[24] == ["After the session closes"]
+    assert calls[21] == [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[22] == [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ]
+    assert calls[23] == [
+        "Hero 3:",
+        {
+            "id": 3,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        },
+    ]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.automatic_id_none_refresh import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.automatic_id_none_refresh import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)

tests/test_tutorial/test_code_structure/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero's team:",
+        {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.code_structure.tutorial001_py310 import app, database
+
+    database.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    database.engine = create_engine(database.sqlite_url)
+    app.engine = database.engine
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        app.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_code_structure/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero's team:",
+        {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.code_structure.tutorial001_py39 import app, database
+
+    database.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    database.engine = create_engine(database.sqlite_url)
+    app.engine = database.engine
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        app.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_code_structure/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero's team:",
+        {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.code_structure.tutorial002_py310 import app, database
+
+    database.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    database.engine = create_engine(database.sqlite_url)
+    app.engine = database.engine
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        app.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_code_structure/test_tutorial002_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero's team:",
+        {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.code_structure.tutorial002_py39 import app, database
+
+    database.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    database.engine = create_engine(database.sqlite_url)
+    app.engine = database.engine
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        app.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_create_connected_tables/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.create_tables import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Team.__tablename__))

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_delete/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "No longer Preventer:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.delete import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_insert/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.insert import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial001_py310_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        {"id": 1, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.select import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.select import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        {"id": 1, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        None,
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.select import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventer Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.select import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial005_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventer Hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+        "Team:",
+        {"id": 1, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.select import tutorial005_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_update/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.connect.update import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_create_db_and_table/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...conftest import coverage_run, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_create_db_and_table(cov_tmp_path: Path):
+    module = "docs_src.tutorial.create_db_and_table.tutorial001_py310"
+    result = coverage_run(module=module, cwd=cov_tmp_path)
+    assert "BEGIN" in result.stdout
+    assert 'PRAGMA main.table_info("hero")' in result.stdout
+    assert "CREATE TABLE hero (" in result.stdout
+    assert "id INTEGER NOT NULL," in result.stdout
+    assert "name VARCHAR NOT NULL," in result.stdout
+    assert "secret_name VARCHAR NOT NULL," in result.stdout
+    assert "age INTEGER," in result.stdout
+    assert "PRIMARY KEY (id)" in result.stdout
+    assert ")" in result.stdout
+    assert "COMMIT" in result.stdout

tests/test_tutorial/test_create_db_and_table/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_create_db_and_table(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.create_db_and_table import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.create_db_and_tables()
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))

tests/test_tutorial/test_create_db_and_table/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_create_db_and_table(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.create_db_and_table import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.create_db_and_tables()
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))

tests/test_tutorial/test_delete/test_tutorial001_py310_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Spider-Boy", "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 7,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "age": 93,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Youngster",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": 16,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 7,
+            "name": "Captain North America Except Canada",
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "age": 110,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero: ",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Youngster",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": 16,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Deleted hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Youngster",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": 16,
+        },
+    ],
+    ["There's no hero named Spider-Youngster"],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.delete import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.delete import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_app_testing/test_tutorial001_py310_tests_main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_run_tests(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001_py310 import test_main as mod
+
+    test_path = Path(mod.__file__).resolve().parent
+    top_level_path = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent.parent
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "coverage",
+            "run",
+            "--parallel-mode",
+            "-m",
+            "pytest",
+            test_path,
+        ],
+        cwd=top_level_path,
+        capture_output=True,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, result.stdout.decode("utf-8")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_app_testing/test_tutorial001_py39_tests_main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_run_tests(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001_py39 import test_main as mod
+
+    test_path = Path(mod.__file__).resolve().parent
+    top_level_path = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent.parent
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "coverage",
+            "run",
+            "--parallel-mode",
+            "-m",
+            "pytest",
+            test_path,
+        ],
+        cwd=top_level_path,
+        capture_output=True,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, result.stdout.decode("utf-8")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_app_testing/test_tutorial001_tests_main.py

@@ -1,83 +1,22 @@
-import importlib
-
-import pytest
-from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
-from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine
-
-from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001 import main as app_mod
-from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001 import test_main as test_mod
-from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001.test_main import (
-    client_fixture,
-    session_fixture,
-)
-
-assert session_fixture, "This keeps the session fixture used below"
-assert client_fixture, "This keeps the client fixture used below"
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(name="prepare", autouse=True)
-def prepare_fixture(clear_sqlmodel):
-    # Trigger side effects of registering table models in SQLModel
-    # This has to be called after clear_sqlmodel, but before the session_fixture
-    # That's why the extra custom fixture here
-    importlib.reload(app_mod)
-    importlib.reload(test_mod)
+def test_run_tests(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.tutorial001 import test_main as mod
 
-
-def test_create_hero(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_create_hero(client)
-
-
-def test_create_hero_incomplete(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_create_hero_incomplete(client)
-
-
-def test_create_hero_invalid(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_create_hero_invalid(client)
-
-
-def test_read_heroes(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_read_heroes(session=session, client=client)
-
-
-def test_read_hero(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_read_hero(session=session, client=client)
-
-
-def test_update_hero(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_update_hero(session=session, client=client)
-
-
-def test_delete_hero(session: Session, client: TestClient):
-    test_mod.test_delete_hero(session=session, client=client)
-
-
-def test_startup():
-    app_mod.engine = create_engine("sqlite://")
-    app_mod.on_startup()
-    insp: Inspector = inspect(app_mod.engine)
-    assert insp.has_table(str(app_mod.Hero.__tablename__))
-
-
-def test_get_session():
-    app_mod.engine = create_engine("sqlite://")
-    for session in app_mod.get_session():
-        assert isinstance(session, Session)
-        assert session.bind == app_mod.engine
-
-
-def test_read_hero_not_found(client: TestClient):
-    response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
-    assert response.status_code == 404
-
-
-def test_update_hero_not_found(client: TestClient):
-    response = client.patch("/heroes/9000", json={"name": "Very-Rusty-Man"})
-    assert response.status_code == 404
-
-
-def test_delete_hero_not_found(client: TestClient):
-    response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
-    assert response.status_code == 404
+    test_path = Path(mod.__file__).resolve().parent
+    top_level_path = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent.parent
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "coverage",
+            "run",
+            "--parallel-mode",
+            "-m",
+            "pytest",
+            test_path,
+        ],
+        cwd=top_level_path,
+        capture_output=True,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, result.stdout.decode("utf-8")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_delete/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.delete import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_delete/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.delete import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.limit_and_offset import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"limit": 2})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"offset": 1})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"offset": 1, "limit": 1})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.limit_and_offset import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"limit": 2})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"offset": 1})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"offset": 1, "limit": 1})
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] != hero2_data["id"], (
+            "Now it's not possible to predefine the ID from the request, "
+            "it's now set by the database"
+        )
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["id"] != hero2_data["id"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["id", "name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }
+
+    # Test inherited indexes
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] != hero2_data["id"], (
+            "Now it's not possible to predefine the ID from the request, "
+            "it's now set by the database"
+        )
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["id"] != hero2_data["id"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["id", "name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }
+
+    # Test inherited indexes
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] != hero2_data["id"], (
+            "Now it's not possible to predefine the ID from the request, "
+            "it's now set by the database"
+        )
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["id"] != hero2_data["id"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }
+
+    # Test inherited indexes
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial002_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models import tutorial002_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] != hero2_data["id"], (
+            "Now it's not possible to predefine the ID from the request, "
+            "it's now set by the database"
+        )
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["id"] != hero2_data["id"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }
+
+    # Test inherited indexes
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_read_one/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.read_one import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        hero_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data == hero2
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_read_one/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.read_one import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        hero_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data == hero2
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_relationships/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.relationships import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        team_preventers = {"name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}
+        team_z_force = {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"}
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_preventers)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_preventers_data = response.json()
+        team_preventers_id = team_preventers_data["id"]
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_z_force)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_z_force_data = response.json()
+        team_z_force_id = team_z_force_data["id"]
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.get("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}", json={"headquarters": "Preventers Tower"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers["name"]
+        assert data["headquarters"] == "Preventers Tower"
+        response = client.patch("/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        hero1_data = {
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": team_z_force_id,
+        }
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+            "team_id": team_preventers_id,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero1 = response.json()
+        hero1_id = hero1["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero1_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["team"]["name"] == team_z_force["name"]
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers_data["name"]
+        assert data["heroes"][0]["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.delete("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroReadWithTeam"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Teams",
+                        "operationId": "read_teams_teams__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Teams Teams  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Team",
+                        "operationId": "create_team_teams__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/{team_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Team",
+                        "operationId": "read_team_teams__team_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamReadWithHeroes"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Team",
+                        "operationId": "delete_team_teams__team_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Team",
+                        "operationId": "update_team_teams__team_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroReadWithTeam": {
+                        "title": "HeroReadWithTeam",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamCreate": {
+                        "title": "TeamCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamRead": {
+                        "title": "TeamRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamReadWithHeroes": {
+                        "title": "TeamReadWithHeroes",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "heroes": {
+                                "title": "Heroes",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"},
+                                "default": [],
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamUpdate": {
+                        "title": "TeamUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_relationships/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.relationships import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        team_preventers = {"name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}
+        team_z_force = {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"}
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_preventers)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_preventers_data = response.json()
+        team_preventers_id = team_preventers_data["id"]
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_z_force)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_z_force_data = response.json()
+        team_z_force_id = team_z_force_data["id"]
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.get("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}", json={"headquarters": "Preventers Tower"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers["name"]
+        assert data["headquarters"] == "Preventers Tower"
+        response = client.patch("/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        hero1_data = {
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": team_z_force_id,
+        }
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+            "team_id": team_preventers_id,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero1 = response.json()
+        hero1_id = hero1["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero1_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["team"]["name"] == team_z_force["name"]
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers_data["name"]
+        assert data["heroes"][0]["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.delete("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroReadWithTeam"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Teams",
+                        "operationId": "read_teams_teams__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Teams Teams  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Team",
+                        "operationId": "create_team_teams__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/{team_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Team",
+                        "operationId": "read_team_teams__team_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamReadWithHeroes"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Team",
+                        "operationId": "delete_team_teams__team_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Team",
+                        "operationId": "update_team_teams__team_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroReadWithTeam": {
+                        "title": "HeroReadWithTeam",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamCreate": {
+                        "title": "TeamCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamRead": {
+                        "title": "TeamRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamReadWithHeroes": {
+                        "title": "TeamReadWithHeroes",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "heroes": {
+                                "title": "Heroes",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"},
+                                "default": [],
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamUpdate": {
+                        "title": "TeamUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_response_model/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.response_model import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero_data["secret_name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"}
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"}
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "Hero": {
+                        "title": "Hero",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_response_model/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.response_model import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero_data["secret_name"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"}
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"}
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "Hero": {
+                        "title": "Hero",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_session_with_dependency/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.session_with_dependency import (
+        tutorial001_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_session_with_dependency/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.session_with_dependency import (
+        tutorial001_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_simple_hero_api/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.simple_hero_api import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] is not None
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data["id"] == hero2_data["id"], (
+            "Up to this point it's still possible to "
+            "set the ID of the hero in the request"
+        )
+        assert data["age"] is None
+
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
+        assert data[0]["secret_name"] == hero1_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
+        assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
+        assert data[1]["id"] == hero2_data["id"]
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        data = response.json()
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+
+        assert data == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Hero"}
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "Hero": {
+                        "title": "Hero",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_teams/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,595 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.teams import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        team_preventers = {"name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}
+        team_z_force = {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"}
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_preventers)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_preventers_data = response.json()
+        team_preventers_id = team_preventers_data["id"]
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_z_force)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_z_force_data = response.json()
+        team_z_force_data["id"]
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.get(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data == team_preventers_data
+        response = client.get("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}", json={"headquarters": "Preventers Tower"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers["name"]
+        assert data["headquarters"] == "Preventers Tower"
+        response = client.patch("/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.delete("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Teams",
+                        "operationId": "read_teams_teams__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Teams Teams  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Team",
+                        "operationId": "create_team_teams__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/{team_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Team",
+                        "operationId": "read_team_teams__team_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Team",
+                        "operationId": "delete_team_teams__team_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Team",
+                        "operationId": "update_team_teams__team_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamCreate": {
+                        "title": "TeamCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamRead": {
+                        "title": "TeamRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamUpdate": {
+                        "title": "TeamUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_teams/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,595 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.teams import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        team_preventers = {"name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}
+        team_z_force = {"name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"}
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_preventers)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_preventers_data = response.json()
+        team_preventers_id = team_preventers_data["id"]
+        response = client.post("/teams/", json=team_z_force)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        team_z_force_data = response.json()
+        team_z_force_data["id"]
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        response = client.get(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data == team_preventers_data
+        response = client.get("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}", json={"headquarters": "Preventers Tower"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == team_preventers["name"]
+        assert data["headquarters"] == "Preventers Tower"
+        response = client.patch("/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.delete(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.delete("/teams/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/teams/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Hero",
+                        "operationId": "delete_hero_heroes__hero_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Teams",
+                        "operationId": "read_teams_teams__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Teams Teams  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Team",
+                        "operationId": "create_team_teams__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/teams/{team_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Team",
+                        "operationId": "read_team_teams__team_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "delete": {
+                        "summary": "Delete Team",
+                        "operationId": "delete_team_teams__team_id__delete",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}},
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Team",
+                        "operationId": "update_team_teams__team_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "team_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/TeamRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "team_id": {"title": "Team Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamCreate": {
+                        "title": "TeamCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamRead": {
+                        "title": "TeamRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "headquarters", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "TeamUpdate": {
+                        "title": "TeamUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "headquarters": {"title": "Headquarters", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_update/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.update import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero3 = response.json()
+        hero3_id = hero3["id"]
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"], "The name should not be set to none"
+        assert (
+            data["secret_name"] == "Spider-Youngster"
+        ), "The secret name should be updated"
+
+        response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{hero3_id}", json={"age": None})
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+        assert data["age"] is None, (
+            "A field should be updatable to None, even if " "that's the default"
+        )
+
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_update/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.update import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url, connect_args=mod.connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
+    )
+
+    with TestClient(mod.app) as client:
+        hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
+        hero2_data = {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "id": 9000,
+        }
+        hero3_data = {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+        }
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero1_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero2 = response.json()
+        hero2_id = hero2["id"]
+        response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        hero3 = response.json()
+        hero3_id = hero3["id"]
+        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/9000")
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+        response = client.get("/heroes/")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 3
+
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero2_data["name"], "The name should not be set to none"
+        assert (
+            data["secret_name"] == "Spider-Youngster"
+        ), "The secret name should be updated"
+
+        response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{hero3_id}", json={"age": None})
+        data = response.json()
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert data["name"] == hero3_data["name"]
+        assert data["age"] is None, (
+            "A field should be updatable to None, even if " "that's the default"
+        )
+
+        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
+
+        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+        assert response.json() == {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/heroes/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Heroes",
+                        "operationId": "read_heroes_heroes__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Offset",
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 0,
+                                },
+                                "name": "offset",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "required": False,
+                                "schema": {
+                                    "title": "Limit",
+                                    "maximum": 100.0,
+                                    "type": "integer",
+                                    "default": 100,
+                                },
+                                "name": "limit",
+                                "in": "query",
+                            },
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "title": "Response Read Heroes Heroes  Get",
+                                            "type": "array",
+                                            "items": {
+                                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                            },
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "post": {
+                        "summary": "Create Hero",
+                        "operationId": "create_hero_heroes__post",
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroCreate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+                "/heroes/{hero_id}": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "summary": "Read Hero",
+                        "operationId": "read_hero_heroes__hero_id__get",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "patch": {
+                        "summary": "Update Hero",
+                        "operationId": "update_hero_heroes__hero_id__patch",
+                        "parameters": [
+                            {
+                                "required": True,
+                                "schema": {"title": "Hero Id", "type": "integer"},
+                                "name": "hero_id",
+                                "in": "path",
+                            }
+                        ],
+                        "requestBody": {
+                            "content": {
+                                "application/json": {
+                                    "schema": {
+                                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroUpdate"
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "required": True,
+                        },
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HeroRead"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "422": {
+                                "description": "Validation Error",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "application/json": {
+                                        "schema": {
+                                            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                },
+                            },
+                        },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+            "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                    "HTTPValidationError": {
+                        "title": "HTTPValidationError",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "detail": {
+                                "title": "Detail",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroCreate": {
+                        "title": "HeroCreate",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroRead": {
+                        "title": "HeroRead",
+                        "required": ["name", "secret_name", "id"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                            "id": {"title": "Id", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "HeroUpdate": {
+                        "title": "HeroUpdate",
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                            "age": {"title": "Age", "type": "integer"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                    "ValidationError": {
+                        "title": "ValidationError",
+                        "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"],
+                        "type": "object",
+                        "properties": {
+                            "loc": {
+                                "title": "Location",
+                                "type": "array",
+                                "items": {
+                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                },
+                            },
+                            "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
+                            "type": {"title": "Error Type", "type": "string"},
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+            },
+        }

tests/test_tutorial/test_indexes/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.indexes import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "id": 1, "name": "Deadpond"}]
+    ]
+
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_indexes/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.indexes import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],
+        [{"name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35, "id": 5}],
+    ]
+
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    indexes = insp.get_indexes(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    expected_indexes = [
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_name",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["name"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "ix_hero_age",
+            "dialect_options": {},
+            "column_names": ["age"],
+            "unique": 0,
+        },
+    ]
+    for index in expected_indexes:
+        assert index in indexes, "This expected index should be in the indexes in DB"
+        # Now that this index was checked, remove it from the list of indexes
+        indexes.pop(indexes.index(index))
+    assert len(indexes) == 0, "The database should only have the expected indexes"

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, select
+
+from ...conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.insert import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    with Session(mod.engine) as session:
+        heroes = session.exec(select(mod.Hero)).all()
+    heroes_by_name = {hero.name: hero for hero in heroes}
+    deadpond = heroes_by_name["Deadpond"]
+    spider_boy = heroes_by_name["Spider-Boy"]
+    rusty_man = heroes_by_name["Rusty-Man"]
+    assert deadpond.name == "Deadpond"
+    assert deadpond.age is None
+    assert deadpond.id is not None
+    assert deadpond.secret_name == "Dive Wilson"
+    assert spider_boy.name == "Spider-Boy"
+    assert spider_boy.age is None
+    assert spider_boy.id is not None
+    assert spider_boy.secret_name == "Pedro Parqueador"
+    assert rusty_man.name == "Rusty-Man"
+    assert rusty_man.age == 48
+    assert rusty_man.id is not None
+    assert rusty_man.secret_name == "Tommy Sharp"

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, select
+
+from ...conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.insert import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    with Session(mod.engine) as session:
+        heroes = session.exec(select(mod.Hero)).all()
+    heroes_by_name = {hero.name: hero for hero in heroes}
+    deadpond = heroes_by_name["Deadpond"]
+    spider_boy = heroes_by_name["Spider-Boy"]
+    rusty_man = heroes_by_name["Rusty-Man"]
+    assert deadpond.name == "Deadpond"
+    assert deadpond.age is None
+    assert deadpond.id is not None
+    assert deadpond.secret_name == "Dive Wilson"
+    assert spider_boy.name == "Spider-Boy"
+    assert spider_boy.age is None
+    assert spider_boy.id is not None
+    assert spider_boy.secret_name == "Pedro Parqueador"
+    assert rusty_man.name == "Rusty-Man"
+    assert rusty_man.age == 48
+    assert rusty_man.id is not None
+    assert rusty_man.secret_name == "Tommy Sharp"

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, select
+
+from ...conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.insert import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    with Session(mod.engine) as session:
+        heroes = session.exec(select(mod.Hero)).all()
+    heroes_by_name = {hero.name: hero for hero in heroes}
+    deadpond = heroes_by_name["Deadpond"]
+    spider_boy = heroes_by_name["Spider-Boy"]
+    rusty_man = heroes_by_name["Rusty-Man"]
+    assert deadpond.name == "Deadpond"
+    assert deadpond.age is None
+    assert deadpond.id is not None
+    assert deadpond.secret_name == "Dive Wilson"
+    assert spider_boy.name == "Spider-Boy"
+    assert spider_boy.age is None
+    assert spider_boy.id is not None
+    assert spider_boy.secret_name == "Pedro Parqueador"
+    assert rusty_man.name == "Rusty-Man"
+    assert rusty_man.age == 48
+    assert rusty_man.id is not None
+    assert rusty_man.secret_name == "Tommy Sharp"

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None},
+            {
+                "id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "age": None,
+            },
+            {"id": 3, "name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48},
+        ]
+    ]
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.offset_and_limit import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 4,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "age": 32,
+            },
+            {"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35},
+            {"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36},
+        ]
+    ]
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.offset_and_limit import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+            }
+        ]
+    ]
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.offset_and_limit import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.offset_and_limit import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            [
+                {"name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36, "id": 6},
+                {"name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "id": 3},
+            ]
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Deadpond:",
+        {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Deadpond teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man:",
+        {"id": 2, "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "name": "Rusty-Man"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy:",
+        {"id": 3, "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None, "name": "Spider-Boy"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Deadpond:",
+        {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Deadpond teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man:",
+        {"id": 2, "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "name": "Rusty-Man"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy:",
+        {"id": 3, "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None, "name": "Spider-Boy"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial001_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Deadpond:",
+        {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Deadpond teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man:",
+        {"id": 2, "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "name": "Rusty-Man"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy:",
+        {"id": 3, "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None, "name": "Spider-Boy"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated Spider-Boy's Teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Z-Force heroes:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+            {
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "age": None,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Reverted Z-Force's heroes:",
+        [{"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Reverted Spider-Boy's teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial002_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Deadpond:",
+        {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Deadpond teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man:",
+        {"id": 2, "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "name": "Rusty-Man"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Rusty-Man Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy:",
+        {"id": 3, "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None, "name": "Spider-Boy"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy Teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated Spider-Boy's Teams:",
+        [
+            {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+            {"id": 1, "name": "Z-Force", "headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar"},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Z-Force heroes:",
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"},
+            {
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "age": None,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Reverted Z-Force's heroes:",
+        [{"id": 1, "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "name": "Deadpond"}],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Reverted Spider-Boy's teams:",
+        [{"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial002_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Z-Force hero:",
+        {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "id": 1, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "id": 1, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Spider-Boy", "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "id": 2, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "id": 3, "age": 48},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated Spider-Boy's Teams:",
+        [
+            {"team_id": 2, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Z-Force heroes:",
+        [
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": False, "hero_id": 1},
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1, "name": "Z-Force"},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial003_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Z-Force hero:",
+        {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "id": 1, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "id": 1, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Spider-Boy", "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "id": 2, "age": None},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers hero:",
+        {"name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "id": 3, "age": 48},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated Spider-Boy's Teams:",
+        [
+            {"team_id": 2, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Z-Force heroes:",
+        [
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": False, "hero_id": 1},
+            {"team_id": 1, "is_training": True, "hero_id": 2},
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+        "is training:",
+        False,
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sister Margaret’s Bar", "id": 1, "name": "Z-Force"},
+        "is training:",
+        True,
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.many_to_many import tutorial003_py39 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 4,
+            },
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [["Hero:", None]]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "id": 1},
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import MultipleResultsFound
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, delete
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    with pytest.raises(MultipleResultsFound):
+        mod.main()
+    with Session(mod.engine) as session:
+        # TODO: create delete() function
+        # TODO: add overloads for .exec() with delete object
+        session.exec(delete(mod.Hero))
+        session.add(mod.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24))
+        session.commit()
+
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.select_heroes()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "name": "Test Hero",
+                "secret_name": "Secret Test Hero",
+                "age": 24,
+            },
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial005_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import NoResultFound
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, delete
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial005_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    with pytest.raises(NoResultFound):
+        mod.main()
+    with Session(mod.engine) as session:
+        # TODO: create delete() function
+        # TODO: add overloads for .exec() with delete object
+        session.exec(delete(mod.Hero))
+        session.add(mod.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24))
+        session.commit()
+
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.select_heroes()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "name": "Test Hero",
+                "secret_name": "Secret Test Hero",
+                "age": 24,
+            },
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial006_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial006_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "id": 1},
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial007_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial007_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "id": 1},
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial008_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial008_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            "Hero:",
+            {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson", "age": None, "id": 1},
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial009_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.one import tutorial009_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [["Hero:", None]]

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SAWarning
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "id": 3, "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero Spider-Boy:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes again:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    ["After committing"],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy after commit:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes after commit:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial001_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        with pytest.warns(SAWarning):
+            mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SAWarning
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "id": 3, "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero Spider-Boy:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes again:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    ["After committing"],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy after commit:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes after commit:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial001_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        with pytest.warns(SAWarning):
+            mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "name": "Wakaland", "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero Spider-Boy:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes again:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    ["After committing"],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy after commit:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes after commit:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial002_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial002_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "name": "Wakaland", "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero Spider-Boy:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes again:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    ["After committing"],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy after commit:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers Team Heroes after commit:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial002_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial003_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Weapon.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Power.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Team.__tablename__))

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial003_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import needs_py39
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates import (
+        tutorial003_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    mod.main()
+    insp: Inspector = inspect(mod.engine)
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Hero.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Weapon.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Power.__tablename__))
+    assert insp.has_table(str(mod.Team.__tablename__))

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_create_and_update_relationships/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.create_and_update_relationships import (
+        tutorial001_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_create_and_update_relationships/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.create_and_update_relationships import (
+        tutorial001_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_define_relationship_attributes/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "age": 48,
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "age": None,
+            "team_id": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.define_relationship_attributes import (
+        tutorial001_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_define_relationship_attributes/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "age": None,
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "age": 48,
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "age": None,
+            "team_id": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.define_relationship_attributes import (
+        tutorial001_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "id": 3, "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy's team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy's team again:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships import (
+        tutorial001_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial001_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City", "id": 3, "name": "Wakaland"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy's team:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy's team again:",
+        {"headquarters": "Sharp Tower", "id": 2, "name": "Preventers"},
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships import (
+        tutorial001_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "name": "Wakaland", "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships import (
+        tutorial002_py310 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial002_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "team_id": 1,
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 2,
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Created hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Team Wakaland:",
+        {"id": 3, "name": "Wakaland", "headquarters": "Wakaland Capital City"},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 32,
+            "id": 6,
+            "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Tarantula",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 36,
+            "id": 7,
+            "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Dr. Weird",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers new hero:",
+        {
+            "age": 93,
+            "id": 8,
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "team_id": 2,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Preventers heroes:",
+        [
+            {
+                "age": 48,
+                "id": 2,
+                "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 3,
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 32,
+                "id": 6,
+                "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Tarantula",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 36,
+                "id": 7,
+                "secret_name": "Steve Weird",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Dr. Weird",
+            },
+            {
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 8,
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "team_id": 2,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+            },
+        ],
+    ],
+    [
+        "Spider-Boy without team:",
+        {
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 3,
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "team_id": None,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py39
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships import (
+        tutorial002_py39 as mod,
+    )
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_select/test_tutorial001_py310_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+def check_calls(calls: List[List[Union[str, Dict[str, Any]]]]):
+    assert calls[0][0] == {
+        "name": "Deadpond",
+        "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+        "age": None,
+        "id": 1,
+    }
+    assert calls[1][0] == {
+        "name": "Spider-Boy",
+        "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+        "age": None,
+        "id": 2,
+    }
+    assert calls[2][0] == {
+        "name": "Rusty-Man",
+        "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+        "age": 48,
+        "id": 3,
+    }
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.select import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.select import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)

tests/test_tutorial/test_select/test_tutorial003_py310_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+def check_calls(calls: List[List[Union[str, Dict[str, Any]]]]):
+    assert calls[0][0] == [
+        {
+            "name": "Deadpond",
+            "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 1,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+            "id": 2,
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Rusty-Man",
+            "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp",
+            "age": 48,
+            "id": 3,
+        },
+    ]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_003(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.select import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial_002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.select import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    check_calls(calls)

tests/test_tutorial/test_update/test_tutorial001_py310_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": None,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Boy",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": 16,
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial001(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.update import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial002(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.update import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_update/test_tutorial003_py310_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+expected_calls = [
+    [
+        "Hero 1:",
+        {"id": 2, "name": "Spider-Boy", "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador", "age": None},
+    ],
+    [
+        "Hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 7,
+            "name": "Captain North America",
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "age": 93,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero 1:",
+        {
+            "id": 2,
+            "name": "Spider-Youngster",
+            "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+            "age": 16,
+        },
+    ],
+    [
+        "Updated hero 2:",
+        {
+            "id": 7,
+            "name": "Captain North America Except Canada",
+            "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+            "age": 110,
+        },
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial003(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.update import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial004(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.update import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial001_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial001_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            {
+                "name": "Deadpond",
+                "secret_name": "Dive Wilson",
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 1,
+            }
+        ]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial002_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [
+            {
+                "name": "Spider-Boy",
+                "secret_name": "Pedro Parqueador",
+                "age": None,
+                "id": 2,
+            }
+        ],
+        [{"name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48, "id": 3}],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial003_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+
+    expected_calls = [
+        [{"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36}],
+        [{"id": 3, "name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48}],
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+            }
+        ],
+    ]
+    for call in expected_calls:
+        assert call in calls, "This expected item should be in the list"
+        # Now that this item was checked, remove it from the list
+        calls.pop(calls.index(call))
+    assert len(calls) == 0, "The list should only have the expected items"

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial004_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    expected_calls = [
+        [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],
+        [{"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36}],
+        [{"id": 3, "name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48}],
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+            }
+        ],
+    ]
+    for call in expected_calls:
+        assert call in calls, "This expected item should be in the list"
+        # Now that this item was checked, remove it from the list
+        calls.pop(calls.index(call))
+    assert len(calls) == 0, "The list should only have the expected items"

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial005_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial005_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}]
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial006_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial006_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],
+        [{"name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35, "id": 5}],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial007_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial007_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],
+        [{"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36}],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial008_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial008_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],
+        [{"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36}],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial009_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial009_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],
+        [{"name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35, "id": 5}],
+        [
+            {
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 7,
+            }
+        ],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial010_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial010_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    assert calls == [
+        [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],
+        [{"name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35, "id": 5}],
+        [
+            {
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+                "id": 7,
+            }
+        ],
+    ]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial011_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
+
+from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
+
+
+@needs_py310
+def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel):
+    from docs_src.tutorial.where import tutorial011_py310 as mod
+
+    mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
+    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
+    calls = []
+
+    new_print = get_testing_print_function(calls)
+
+    with patch("builtins.print", new=new_print):
+        mod.main()
+    expected_calls = [
+        [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],
+        [{"id": 6, "name": "Dr. Weird", "secret_name": "Steve Weird", "age": 36}],
+        [{"id": 3, "name": "Rusty-Man", "secret_name": "Tommy Sharp", "age": 48}],
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "name": "Captain North America",
+                "secret_name": "Esteban Rogelios",
+                "age": 93,
+            }
+        ],
+    ]
+    for call in expected_calls:
+        assert call in calls, "This expected item should be in the list"
+        # Now that this item was checked, remove it from the list
+        calls.pop(calls.index(call))
+    assert len(calls) == 0, "The list should only have the expected items"