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Give exoplanets a color based on their size (#3412)
* Add a tag for all exoplanet globes * Add color to exoplanet globes based on their size * Update color of terrestrial planets to be more deeply brown * Change order so that the default texture for planets is shown on top I.e. only use color if no other texture was provided * Add descriptions of layer and planet type * Add descriptions for some more things in the system * Increase ambient intensity for when a planet is colored (not textured) * Ignore GlobeBrowsing shader warning when setting camera position (closes #3405) * Apply suggestions from code review * Fix new constant names (from review) --------- Co-authored-by: Alexander Bock <alexander.bock@liu.se>
This commit is contained in:
Emma Broman
@@ -200,6 +200,25 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"}";
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}
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// @TODO (2024-09-16, emmbr) Compose a more extensive summary of the system,
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// based on more data in the archive (like number of stars) and the planets.
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// Also include more data on the star itself (like spectral type)
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float distanceToOurSystem = glm::length(starPosInParsec) *
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distanceconstants::Parsec / distanceconstants::LightYear;
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size_t nPlanets = system.planetNames.size();
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const std::string starDescription = std::format(
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"The star {} is the host star of an exoplanet system with {} {} that {} "
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"enough data to be visualized. It has a size of {:.2f} solar radii and an "
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"effective temperature of {:.0f} Kelvin. The system is located at a "
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"distance of {:.0f} light-years from Earth.",
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sanitizedStarName, nPlanets,
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nPlanets > 1 ? "planets" : "planet",
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nPlanets > 1 ? "have" : "has",
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radiusInMeter / distanceconstants::SolarRadius,
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system.starData.teff, distanceToOurSystem
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);
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const std::string starGlobeRenderableString = "Renderable = {"
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"Type = 'RenderableGlobe',"
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"Radii = " + std::to_string(radiusInMeter) + ","
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@@ -226,7 +245,8 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"Tag = {'exoplanet_system'},"
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"GUI = {"
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"Name = '" + sanitizedStarName + " (Star)',"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "'"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "',"
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"Description = \"" + starDescription + "\""
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"}"
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"}";
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@@ -334,16 +354,106 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"Period = " + std::to_string(periodInSeconds) + ""
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"}";
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std::string planetLayers = "";
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std::string planetLayers;
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std::string planetTypeDesc;
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// Constant for different categories of sizes of planets (in Earth radii)
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// Source: https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/sizes-of-known-exoplanets/
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constexpr float TerrestrialMaxR = 1.25f;
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constexpr float SuperEarthMaxR = 2.f;
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constexpr float NeptuneLikeMaxR = 6.f;
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const std::string TerrestrialDesc = std::format(
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"Terrestrial planets (R < {} Earth radii)",
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TerrestrialMaxR
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);
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const std::string SuperEarthDesc = std::format(
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"Super-Earths ({} < R < {} Earth radii)",
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TerrestrialMaxR, SuperEarthMaxR
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);
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const std::string NeptuneLikeDesc = std::format(
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"Neptune-like planets ({} < R < {} Earth radii)",
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SuperEarthMaxR, NeptuneLikeMaxR
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);
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const std::string GasGiantDesc = std::format(
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"Gas giants or larger planets (R > {} Earth radii)",
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NeptuneLikeMaxR
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);
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// Add a color layer with a fixed single color that represent the planet size,
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// that is, approximately what type of planet it is.
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// @TODO (2024-09-10, emmbr) Ideally the user should be able to edit this
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if (!std::isnan(planet.r)) {
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float rInMeter = static_cast<float>(planetRadius);
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glm::vec3 colorFromSize = glm::vec3(0.f);
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if (rInMeter < TerrestrialMaxR * distanceconstants::EarthRadius) {
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// Terrestrial
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colorFromSize = glm::vec3(0.32f, 0.2f, 0.1f); // Brown
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planetTypeDesc = TerrestrialDesc;
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}
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else if (rInMeter < SuperEarthMaxR * distanceconstants::EarthRadius) {
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// Super-Earths
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colorFromSize = glm::vec3(1.f, 0.76f, 0.65f); // Beige
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planetTypeDesc = SuperEarthDesc;
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}
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else if (rInMeter < NeptuneLikeMaxR * distanceconstants::EarthRadius) {
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// Neptune-like
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colorFromSize = glm::vec3(0.22f, 0.49f, 0.50f); // Blue
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planetTypeDesc = NeptuneLikeDesc;
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}
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else {
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// Gas Giants (Saturn and Jupiter size, and much larger!)
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colorFromSize = glm::vec3(0.55f, 0.34f, 0.39f); // Wine red
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planetTypeDesc = GasGiantDesc;
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}
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const std::string description = std::format(
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"This layer gives a fixed color to the planet surface based on the "
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"planet radius. The planets are split into four categories based on "
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"their radius (in Earth radii). 1) {} are Brown, 2) {} are Beige, 3) "
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"{} are Blue, and 4) {} are Wine red.",
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TerrestrialDesc, SuperEarthDesc, NeptuneLikeDesc, GasGiantDesc
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);
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planetLayers += "{"
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"Identifier = 'ColorFromSize',"
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"Name = 'Color From Size',"
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"Type = 'SolidColor',"
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"Color = " + ghoul::to_string(colorFromSize) + ","
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"Enabled = true,"
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"Description = \"" + description + "\""
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"}";
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}
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if (!planetTexture.empty()) {
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planetLayers = "{"
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planetLayers += ",{"
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"Identifier = 'PlanetTexture',"
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"Name = 'Planet Texture',"
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"FilePath = openspace.absPath('" + formatPathToLua(planetTexture) + "'),"
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"BlendMode = 'Color',"
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"Enabled = true"
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"}";
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}
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const std::string planetDescription = std::format(
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"The exoplanet {} falls into the category of {}. Some key facts: "
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"Radius: {:.2f} Earth radii, {:.2f} Jupiter radii. "
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"Orbit Period: {:.1f} (Earth) days. "
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"Orbit Semi-major axis: {:.2f} (AU). "
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"Orbit Eccentricity: {:.2f}.",
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planetName, planetTypeDesc,
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planetRadius / distanceconstants::EarthRadius,
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planetRadius / distanceconstants::JupiterRadius,
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planet.per, planet.a, planet.ecc
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);
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// Use a higher ambient intensity when only the color from size is used, so that
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// the color is more clearly visible from any direction
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float ambientIntensity = planetTexture.empty() ? 0.5f : 0.15f;
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const std::string planetNode = "{"
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"Identifier = '" + planetIdentifier + "',"
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"Parent = '" + starIdentifier + "',"
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@@ -355,22 +465,25 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"Layers = {"
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"ColorLayers = {" + planetLayers + "}"
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"},"
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"LightSourceNode = '" + starIdentifier + "'"
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"LightSourceNode = '" + starIdentifier + "',"
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"AmbientIntensity = " + std::to_string(ambientIntensity) +
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"},"
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"Tag = { 'exoplanet_planet' }, "
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"Transform = { "
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"Translation = " + planetKeplerTranslation + ""
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"},"
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"GUI = {"
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"Name = '" + planetName + "',"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "'"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "',"
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"Description = [[" + planetDescription + "]]"
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"}"
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"}";
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int trailResolution = 1000;
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// Increase the resolution for highly eccentric orbits
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const float eccentricityThreshold = 0.85f;
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if (planet.ecc > eccentricityThreshold) {
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constexpr float EccentricityThreshold = 0.85f;
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if (planet.ecc > EccentricityThreshold) {
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trailResolution *= 2;
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}
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@@ -437,7 +550,11 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"Tag = {'exoplanet_uncertainty_disc'},"
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"GUI = {"
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"Name = '" + planetName + " Disc',"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "'"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "',"
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"Description = \"The width of this disc around the planet's orbit "
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"marks the uncertainty of the orbit (based on the uncertainty of "
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"the semi-major axis and eccentricity measures). The wider the "
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"disc, the more uncertain the orbit is.\""
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"}"
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"}";
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@@ -481,7 +598,9 @@ void createExoplanetSystem(const std::string& starName,
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"Tag = {'exoplanet_1au_ring'},"
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"GUI = {"
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"Name = '1 AU Size Comparison Circle',"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "'"
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"Path = '" + guiPath + "',"
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"Description = \"A circle with a radius of 1 Astronomical Unit. That is, its "
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"size corresponds to the size of Earth's orbit.\""
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"}"
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"}";
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